Natural Gas Processing Plants Components and pretreatment of natural gas
Natural gas is valuable both as a clean source of energy and as a chemical feedstock. Before reaching the customer, it has to pass several processing steps. These steps are partly necessary to be able to transport the gas over long distances and partly necessary for the recovery of valuable components contained in the gas
Components of natural gas
Natural gas is a mixture of gases containing primarily hydrocarbon gases. It is colorless and odorless in its pure form. It is the cleanest fossil fuel with the lowest carbon dioxide emissions. Natural gas is an important fuel source as well as a major feedstock for fertilizers and petrochemicals.
Pretreatment of natural gas
Natural gas pretreatment typically consists of mercury removal, gas sweetening and drying. Natural gas is dried in molecular sieve adsorbers. Depending on the downstream processing steps and the concentration of the sour gas components, it may be necessary to remove H2S and CO2 from the natural gas. Scrubbing processes such as MDEA, Benfield or SULFINOL are offered for this service. Should only minor amounts of sour gas be present, they can be removed by adsorption along with the removal of water. Mercury guard beds are recommended to protect people and equipment.
Extraction of hydrocarbons and LPG plants
Due to their added value, heavier hydrocarbons are often extracted from natural gas and fractionated by using several tailor made processing steps.LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas) is widely used as alternative fuel for cars, but is also suitable as a chemical feedstock. It consists of propane and butane (C3/C4).
NGL plants
NGL consists of ethane and heavier hydrocarbons (C2+) and constitutes an ideal feedstock for steam crackers producing olefins. It has a higher sales value compared to the pipeline gas itself, which justifies an extraction.
Extraction of non-hydrocarbons
Natural gas is a mixture of gases containing primarily hydrocarbon gases. It is colorless and odorless in its pure form. It is the cleanest fossil fuel with the lowest carbon dioxide emissions. Natural gas is an important fuel source as well as a major feedstock for fertilizers and petrochemicals.
Nitrogen rejection units (NRU)
Nitrogen is removed from natural gas to reduce transportation volumes and increase heating value. In some cases nitrogen rejection units are integrated within LNG plants to limit the nitrogen content in the fuel gas or to recover methane from tank return or end flash gas.
Helium recovery and liquefaction plants
Helium is a rare gas, which is recovered from natural gas when present in sufficient concentrations. Linde Engineering offers a well-proven cryogenic process for the recovery of high purity helium (> 99.999 %). High purity helium is used for special applications such as space technology or the realization of superconductivity.
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Components and pretreatment of natural gasNatural gas plantsExtraction of hydrocarbons and LPG plantsNGL plantsExtraction of non hydrocarbonsNitrogen rejection unitsHelium recovery and liquefaction plants
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