Wind Turbine Size - Turbine Scale
Wind energy technology has developed quickly and significantly larger wind turbines are now available. Turbines typically consist of 60 – 100 metre high towers with blades of 40 metres or more, so their overall height to blade tip is between 100 –140 metres, though larger turbines are available. Longer blades result in a greater rotor area and this, combined with the fact that they extend upwards into higher wind velocities, means that their wind capture and energy production is significantly larger than the smaller turbines.Since 2010,mainly as a result of the Feed in Tariff, slightly smaller turbines have been more readily available, measuring between 60-80 metres to blade tip. This provides greater flexibility in choosing a turbine appropriate to local landscape characteristics.
Choice of turbine size is an integral part of the design process. Identification of the key landscape characteristics, their sensitivity and capacity to accommodate change will inform this. Generally speaking, large wind turbines will appear out of scale and visually dominant in lowland, settled, or smaller-scale landscapes, which are often characterised by the relatively ‘human scale’ of buildings and features. They are best suited to more extensive, upland areas, and set back from more sensitive upland fringes. This can reduce effects on settled and smaller-scale valleys and lowland landscapes.
Turbine size is also a key issue in upland landscapes, where they are viewed against, or from, landscapes of a more intricate scale and pattern; or where it is otherwise difficult to discern the landscape scale and distance. By illustrating the scale of an upland landscape, wind turbines may seem to compromise the expansive nature of these areas.
Our experience of different landscapes greatly varies, so it is not appropriate to provide generic guidelines on the turbine sizes to be used for particular landscape types. Site-specific assessment and design is essential for each development proposal.
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