Environmental Impact From Fossil Fuels
Coal, Oil and Natural gas have their relative merits in terms of availability, price and thermal performance. Table 1.3 below is constructed for comparison of the heat capacity, CO2 and SO2 production by the three fossil fuels. The 4th column is of particular importance in comparing all three fuels; it represents the quantity of carbon dioxide emitted for every unit of energy produced.
Coal produces the highest amount of Carbon dioxide for a given output of energy; then oil, then Natural gas which produces nearly half the emission of coal and a third less than that of oil.
The results displayed in table 1.3 for the production of CO2 mass per unit energy compares well with data published by the UK government, Action on Energy, the values found in this chapter are lower than those quoted in the reference, the difference is that the calculations shown in this chapter were only concerned with the combustion process itself; there other knock on effect in the calculations when the life cycle of the fuel is onsidered, hence the addition of energy used to transport, process the fuel, and to include distribution losses.
Fuel Calorific CO2 CO2/ Energy SO2
Value kg / kg fuel kg / MJ kg / kg fuel
MJ/kg
Coal 26 2.361 0.091 0.018
Oil 42 3.153 0.075 0.040
Natural Gas 55 2.750 0.050 0
Table 1.3 Environmental impacts of fossil fuels
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